注意欠陥多動性障害における自己認知の歪み ― 双極性障害による影響―

Abstract

Since the 1990’s, many researchers have clarified that children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) had unrealistically positive self-perception (positive illusory bias; PIB). That is, children with ADHD consistently have shown high self-perception despite the fact that they could only achieve low performance. For the mechanism of the PIB, some explanations have been made, such as cognitive immature, neuropsychological deficits, ignorance of incompetence, or self-protection. Additionally, it has been suggested that comorbid disorders (depression, aggression, or academic difficulties) or subtype (predominantly inattentive type or predominantly hyperactive/impulsive type) might modify the PIB in ADHD. The author pointed out the symptom similarities between bipolar disorder (BD) and ADHD, so that some children with BD might have misdiagnosed as ADHD, and BD might take over the PIB in ADHD. Finally, the future investigation should include BD to unfold the PIB in ADHD and is recommended analogue study on the PIB.