「魔術的リアリズム」についての研究

Abstract

This paper is a study on "Magical Realism", which is a term originally used by Franz Roh, a German critic of art and historian. The term gradually came to be used for literature, especially for Latin American literature. We now use it when we discuss and think of Latin American authors（novelists）such as Alejo Carpentier, Gabriel Garc a Ma´rquez and Carlos Fuentes, etc. But we can also study authors of other areas like William Faulkner and James Joyce, etc., through this "Magical Realism". What we treat in the field of "Magical Realism" is the mixture of realism and non-realism （fantasy）. In literature it is thus a new term, not old, as Professor Vera Kutzinski of the Department of English of Yale University says. It is not so easy to define this term very clearly. It is at the same time comprehensive and specific in its meaning. This paper discusses what "Magical Realism" is both in meaning and historically and how it works especially in Gabriel Garc a Ma´rquez's One Hundred Years of Solitude and William Faulkner's Absalom, Absalom!, etc. The final aim is to make clear what the "Magical Realism" authors could do and how they did it. Indeed,“Magical Realism”seems to be one of the most effective and worthiest way of writing for authors to describe the deep truths of modern complicated human society.