戦後航空秩序形成過程におけるソ連の動向-シカゴ国際民間航空会議へのソ連政府不参加問題を中心に-

Abstract

This study examines the question of the Soviet's nonparticipation in the ChicagoInternational Civil Aviation Conference on November 1944. This conference, followingthe Breton Woods and Dumbarton Oaks conventions in the same year, was aninternational conference to discuss the postwar civil aviation order. In this occasion,however, there were two serious problems. The one was that the delegations of US andUK insisted their own aviation policies, and sharply confronted each other. While theUnited States searched`Open Air'in the postwar world, the British adhered to itsimperial aviation system. The other was the Soviet's absence in this conference becauseof its sudden cancellation. As to the latter problem, scholars of the international politicspointed out in their studies that the Soviet would have been less developed in civilaviation and not prepared for competition with the United States. This study rathergives attention to the fact that the Soviet Union kept the allies away from its territorialairspace even though it needed assistance from them, and then scrutinizes the Sovietaerial blockade policy and its postwar civil aviation proposal in the process ofinternational preliminary talks among the allies. With this consideration, this paperattempts to make clear the Soviet's attitude toward the creation of the postwar aviationorder.